Modeling Climatic Influences on Three Parasitoids of Low-Density Spruce Budworm Populations. Part 3: Actia interrupta (Diptera: Tachinidae)

This article is the third and last of a series models developed to investigate impact climate on spatiotemporal biology parasitoids. After two earlier papers investigating Tranosema rostrale Meteorus trachynotus, this concerns tachinid fly Actia interrupta (Diptera: Tachinidae). An individual-based model seasonal A. was determine its interactions with hosts, spruce budworm Choristoneura fumiferana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) obliquebanded leafroller C. rosaceana in eastern North America. The based developmental responses ‘the parasitoid’s successive life stages ovipositional response adult females temperature. It found that number generations parasitoid undergoes each year varies geographically from four, potential growth rate, as dictated by synchrony larvae overwintering host rosaceana, highly patterned topographically result phenological matching entering diapause late summer.